India has rejected calls to announce a net-zero carbon emissions target. New Delhi said that it was more important for the world to lay out a pathway to reduce such emissions and avert a dangerous rise in global temperatures.
India is the world’s third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases after China and the United States. The South Asian country is under immense pressure to announce plans to become carbon neutral by mid-century or thereabouts at next week’s climate conference in Glasgow.
Despite the growing threat of climate change, India’s Environment Secretary Rameshwar Prasad Gupta told reporters on Wednesday that announcing net-zero was not the solution to the climate crisis.
Gupta said, “It is how much carbon you are going to put in the atmosphere before reaching net-zero that is more important.”
Citing Indian government calculations, Gupta said that between now and the middle of the century, the US is set to release 92 gigatons of carbon into the atmosphere and the EU 62 gigatons. He said that China would also have added a staggering 450 gigatons by its net-zero target date.
Will global efforts to reduce emissions work?
The US, Britain and the European Union have set a target date of 2050 to reach net zero. By that point, they say that they will only emit an amount of greenhouse gases that can be absorbed by forests, crops, soils, and still-embryonic carbon capture technology.
China and Saudi Arabia have also set individual targets of 2060 to reach net-zero, but the critics say that these are largely meaningless without tangible action now.
Representatives of nearly 200 countries will meet in Glasgow, Scotland, from October 31 to November 12 for climate talks to strengthen action to tackle global warming under the 2015 Paris Agreement.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi will attend the conference as a show of how the country is taking climate change seriously, officials say. Chinese President Xi Jinping is not expected to attend.
While working towards net-zero, countries are expected to announce new and strengthened intermediate targets for cutting emissions.
Non-committal soundbites from India
Environment Minister Bhupendra Yadav said that India was on track to achieve targets set at the 2015 Paris conference and left the door open to revising them. He said, “All options are on the table,”
India has committed to cutting the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33 to 35 per cent by 2030 from 2005 levels, achieving a 24 per cent reduction by 2016.
Some environment experts say India could consider lowering its emissions intensity by as much as 40 per cent dependent on finances and whether it has access to newer technologies.
Yadav said that he would measure the success of the Glasgow conference by how much it delivered on climate finance to help the developing countries cut their emissions while ensuring economic growth.
Although India is now a top emitter of greenhouse gases, it has historically contributed only 4 per cent of total emissions since the 1850s, The Associated Press said.
But India’s dependence on coal – it’s the world’s second-largest consumer of fossil fuel and has vast reserves – is likely to continue.
Electricity demand is expected to soar – and while the overall share of energy from coal will keep coming down – Gupta said weaning the country off coal at this point would impact its energy security.
